| A pump is a device which is used to move, raise, transfere, or compress fluids, such as water, gas or slurry. Pumps displace fluid by physical or mechanical action causing a flow. Pumps are commonly used in water supply, air conditioning systems, refrigeration, gasoline supply, car engines, garden jets etc. There are two major types of pumps - rotodynamic pumps and positive displacement pumps. |
1.Rotodynamic PumpsRotodynamic pumps are based on a bladed impellers principle. Bladed impellers, rotating within the fluid, impart a tangential acceleration to the fluid and a consequent increase in the energy of the fluid.2.Positive Displacement PumpsPositive displacement pumps displace a known quantity of liquid trapping liquid between the pumping elements and then releasing that trapped volume into the discharge pipe.Positive displacement pumps fall into three groups: a rotary-type group (used for liquids, slurries, and pastes), lobe pump group (used in car engines), helical twisted Roots pump group. Pumps can also be classified by: Materials of Construction, Liquid Being Pumped, Shaft Orientation (Vertical, Horizontal) , Number of Stages etc |
Pump ApplicationAs it was mentioned before pumps can be used for variety of tasks. You can see pumps in car engines and garden jets, in the hospitals the insulin pumps and the micro pumps are used, they are irreplaceable in water-supply system and so on. Now let's look into the main pump applications more carefully. |
Lab technology and medicineInsulin PumpIt is a tiny device that delivers insulin to the body in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The device consists of: a soft tube which connects to a cannula, at the end of the cannula there is a needle, which goes under the skin, and the needle is connected to the insulin pump.The pump itself also contains disposable reservoir for insulin, processing module, controls, and batteries. An insulin pump has the size of a cell phone and it can be worn outside the body in a pocket, underneath clothing or on your belt. Digital PumpDigital pump is a programmable infusion pump. It is used as a drug delivery device, which can monitor patient fluids and deliver medicines. For example for the treatment of diabetes it can deliver insulin very slowly and for a long period of time.Micro PumpMicro pump is a pump with functional dimension in the micrometer range. It is widely used in a microfluidic researches. They are of special interest because of the tiny size, potential cost and greatly improved dosing accuracy. Micro pumps are divides into mechanical and non-mechanical devices.Mechanical devices contain moving parts (actuation,valve membranes or flaps). To generate force magnetic, electrostatic or pneumatic effects can be utilized For non-mechanical systems we use electro-hydrodynamic, electro-osmotic or ultrasonic flow generation. |
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Water-supplyManual pumpsHand pump (well water pump) is a manual mean of bringing water to the surface from a well or a borehole. It gives access to the deep groundwater that is often not polluted. It is also highly effective for emergency water or remote sites. Hand pump is easy to build and install and it's quite cheap.There is also a special kind of manual pump - manual diaphragm pump. It is used for de-watering tasks (as a blidge pump for example). It can pump many liquids including diesel and light lubricating oil. Auto pumpsThe AutoPumps are air-powered which are based on a positive displacement principle. They don't require surface timer-based controllers or sensors in the well to operate. That how it works: when the natural well recharges the pump activates by an internal float. Auto pump fills by gravity and discharge by air displacement, so its operation doesn't create emulsification. |